MD5によるシグニチャが完全に一致する、2つの有効なX.509証明書の例
Arjen Lenstra, Xiaoyun Wang, Benne de Wegerによる。以下に、実際に比較した様子を示す。真ん中に縦棒がある行が違っている箇所を表す。
Certificate : Certificate :
DATA : DATA :
Version : 3 Version : 3
SerialNumber : 55604297 SerialNumber : 55604297
Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption
Issuer : Issuer :
CN=Hash Collision CA, L=Eindhoven, C=NL, CN=Hash Collision CA, L=Eindhoven, C=NL,
Validity : Validity :
notBefore : Feb 01 00:00:01 2005 UTC notBefore : Feb 01 00:00:01 2005 UTC
notAfter : Feb 01 00:00:01 2007 UTC notAfter : Feb 01 00:00:01 2007 UTC
Subject : Subject :
CN=Hash Collision, O=we used a collision for MD5, L=Eindhoven, C=NL, CN=Hash Collision, O=we used a collision for MD5, L=Eindhoven, C=NL,
Subject Public Key Info: Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
RSA Public Key: (2048 bit) RSA Public Key: (2048 bit)
Modulus (2048 bit): Modulus (2048 bit):
ca:b9:e7:42:c4:b6:26:87:1a:b9:a5:24:84:6b:05:c1:88:95:fb:93: | ca:b9:e7:42:c4:b6:26:87:1a:b9:a5:24:84:6b:05:c1:88:95:fb:13:
65:e9:a6:9f:48:03:92:ff:2c:3b:3f:79:41:ad:34:06:ff:ad:b4:03: 65:e9:a6:9f:48:03:92:ff:2c:3b:3f:79:41:ad:34:06:ff:ad:b4:03:
4b:df:84:7a:4d:37:01:4f:db:32:83:cb:19:d4:6f:a8:a7:65:c6:b3: | 4b:df:84:7a:4d:b7:01:4f:db:32:83:cb:19:d4:6f:a8:a7:65:c6:33:
f0:16:bf:30:6a:ff:7c:2e:57:73:68:9b:33:19:b8:15:64:ab:e7:f5: f0:16:bf:30:6a:ff:7c:2e:57:73:68:9b:33:19:b8:15:64:ab:e7:f5:
b9:cf:66:c5:e4:fe:79:0c:ee:04:7d:36:cc:77:b0:ae:5d:08:7f:30: | b9:cf:66:45:e4:fe:79:0c:ee:04:7d:36:cc:77:b0:ae:5d:08:7f:30:
b5:60:eb:88:72:b3:4d:40:67:78:66:2d:d8:84:64:67:7d:bd:9b:80: | b5:60:eb:88:72:b3:4d:40:67:f8:65:2d:d8:84:64:67:7d:bd:9b:80:
98:9e:f2:4f:b8:2e:0e:a3:2b:58:64:af:33:b8:fe:86:59:b0:94:46: | 98:9e:f2:cf:b8:2e:0e:a3:2b:58:64:af:33:b8:fe:86:59:b0:94:46:
46:99:f4:77:a6:bf:ca:34:8c:23:cf:68:1e:c0:a8:46:a8:b2:7a:29: 46:99:f4:77:a6:bf:ca:34:8c:23:cf:68:1e:c0:a8:46:a8:b2:7a:29:
07:1b:56:3a:13:16:b0:5f:38:27:b8:2f:b1:f9:de:1f:23:8f:3d:12: 07:1b:56:3a:13:16:b0:5f:38:27:b8:2f:b1:f9:de:1f:23:8f:3d:12:
ad:0d:da:a9:7d:db:cf:ce:ea:d1:09:39:5e:46:e0:18:ae:23:7c:e5: ad:0d:da:a9:7d:db:cf:ce:ea:d1:09:39:5e:46:e0:18:ae:23:7c:e5:
93:55:ac:93:18:72:28:4c:3a:29:3f:e9:11:79:41:a1:ad:52:83:64: 93:55:ac:93:18:72:28:4c:3a:29:3f:e9:11:79:41:a1:ad:52:83:64:
a0:68:7a:ff:60:83:b1:4b:00:9d:d9:52:c8:66:ca:43:a0:f4:1a:7d: a0:68:7a:ff:60:83:b1:4b:00:9d:d9:52:c8:66:ca:43:a0:f4:1a:7d:
ce:58:76:c1:6c:b3:46:e9:a7:18:09:1c:ec:3d:57:d9: ce:58:76:c1:6c:b3:46:e9:a7:18:09:1c:ec:3d:57:d9:
Exponent: Exponent:
00:01:00:01: 00:01:00:01:
X509v3 extensions: X509v3 extensions:
x509 Basic Constraints: x509 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE CA:FALSE
PathLenConstraint:NULL PathLenConstraint:NULL
x509 Key Usage: x509 Key Usage:
digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, (0xe0) digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, (0xe0)
Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption Signature Algorithm: md5WithRSAEncryption
13:19:e6:ff:66:ef:86:21:ae:ae:0c:fb:d2:c0:67:b9:9c:38: 13:19:e6:ff:66:ef:86:21:ae:ae:0c:fb:d2:c0:67:b9:9c:38:
34:c0:0b:e8:8e:0a:97:e6:02:05:bc:5e:cd:85:64:6b:66:98: 34:c0:0b:e8:8e:0a:97:e6:02:05:bc:5e:cd:85:64:6b:66:98:
bd:2e:91:32:48:26:c8:b1:0e:21:67:ef:f2:64:c5:e4:5a:23: bd:2e:91:32:48:26:c8:b1:0e:21:67:ef:f2:64:c5:e4:5a:23:
4f:de:57:23:a7:51:ea:2b:79:13:06:22:1b:54:b4:c2:0e:4c: 4f:de:57:23:a7:51:ea:2b:79:13:06:22:1b:54:b4:c2:0e:4c:
d1:65:62:d6:98:ad:e4:d6:33:f0:53:d6:53:f8:be:9c:4d:40: d1:65:62:d6:98:ad:e4:d6:33:f0:53:d6:53:f8:be:9c:4d:40:
2e:c9:f9:2d:36:30:98:dd:56:05:96:f7:bf:09:5a:f3:c9:fe: 2e:c9:f9:2d:36:30:98:dd:56:05:96:f7:bf:09:5a:f3:c9:fe:
d7:ee:2b:49:21:80:18:00:3f:5c:65:f0:51:1d:45:4e:6e:52: d7:ee:2b:49:21:80:18:00:3f:5c:65:f0:51:1d:45:4e:6e:52:
29:13:2d:04:94:b7:b6:5e:f9:58:5a:a9:d4:33:09:4f:db:4f: 29:13:2d:04:94:b7:b6:5e:f9:58:5a:a9:d4:33:09:4f:db:4f:
9c:99:46:10:af:e0:f2:3f:b2:6e:5d:24:65:39:ae:ff:b6:e0: 9c:99:46:10:af:e0:f2:3f:b2:6e:5d:24:65:39:ae:ff:b6:e0:
b0:df:35:b4:d9:ae:3c:f7:68:c5:aa:bc:93:55:8d:f8:7b:f4: b0:df:35:b4:d9:ae:3c:f7:68:c5:aa:bc:93:55:8d:f8:7b:f4:
21:28:8e:79:e9:ad:cb:b8:da:23:64:52:8e:74:f8:13:48:ff: 21:28:8e:79:e9:ad:cb:b8:da:23:64:52:8e:74:f8:13:48:ff:
b9:f5:fa:c4:3e:97:4f:3d:79:cc:a2:22:fd:67:5b:fd:3b:80: b9:f5:fa:c4:3e:97:4f:3d:79:cc:a2:22:fd:67:5b:fd:3b:80:
8a:3f:66:10:42:32:c8:06:a2:53:09:a1:87:d1:03:d7:50:89: 8a:3f:66:10:42:32:c8:06:a2:53:09:a1:87:d1:03:d7:50:89:
34:36:d4:a3:29:09:fe:5c:76:b4:54:95:f5:2f:29:cf:66:a9: 34:36:d4:a3:29:09:fe:5c:76:b4:54:95:f5:2f:29:cf:66:a9:
e3:dd:47:3f: e3:dd:47:3f:via http://oku.edu.mie-u.ac.jp/%7Eokumura/pukiwiki/?2005-03-11#y3658297
